Team:CIDEB-UANL Mexico/Safety-ProjectDocument
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<p align="justify"><b>ESSAY OF SAFETY</b><br>The organism used in the project is E. Coli, which has risk group or biosafety level of one. That means that is unlikely to cause human or animal disease and, therefore, it is safe to use. The protein that is going to be synthetized derived for beauveria bassiana and it also belongs to the risk group one. Like any micro-organism, B. bassiana has the potential to act as an opportunistic pathogen, but as the literature study demonstrates, Beauveria infections are extremely rare events. Anyway, there is no need to work directly with, B. bassiana because is just an organisms from which the insecticidal part is derived.<br><br>There are also some potential risks for the team members while they are working in the laboratory. The laboratory used is a basic biosafety level one only used for basic teaching and research; it is an open bench work. The only risk in this laboratory is that the team members do not follow the security rules for every laboratory causing an accident. If the project result as it is supposed to do, it must not be a danger for any public if the product is not ingested. If it is ingested, E. Coli will cause diarrhea and a little fever depending the patient.<br><br>About the environmental impact, the bacteria is modificate in order to cause the death of plague insects, that means that the population of the plague will be reduced, affecting in one or another way, a change in the environment. The insecticidal also can affect some species of the same family but not all, it is difficult to predict its impact and danger because of the lack of information about this novel insecticide, but one we discover what other insects are exposed to the insecticide, we will be able to determine the amount that will be affected by it.<br><br>The risk of an accident inside the laboratory depends of the lever of care that the team members have during the practices. The biological parts and organisms represent a risk if they enter in contact with a body. We are working with E. coli strains that are specifically weakened for laboratory use. On the other hand, there are some equipment and chemicals that represent a danger if they are not used correctly. Some chemicals used in laboratory represent a safety risk so all members of the team were told to handle them with extreme care. The same goes for the lab equipment; some cannot be used without a responsible authorization.<br><br>We are you addressing these issues in our project design and lab work by taking precautions and using safety equipment in order to prevent an accident. Every member of the team is aware of the risk that means work in the laboratory. Each one know about the security rules during a laboratory practice because we have had biosafety training before the real practices even started. On it we learned about the correct procedures to carry out any experiment; and also about some security precautions referring the material that we were going to use. When using ethidium bromide (risks include: irritant to eyes, skin, mucus, and respiratory tract) we make sure the designated research zone is properly closed and we use the necessary protection. When observing stained DNA, through the use of UV rays, we use special protection for the eyes. While managing electrical devices and circuits, all members of the team were told to handle them with extreme care. This training was in order to prevent accidents and for the success of the project.</p> | <p align="justify"><b>ESSAY OF SAFETY</b><br>The organism used in the project is E. Coli, which has risk group or biosafety level of one. That means that is unlikely to cause human or animal disease and, therefore, it is safe to use. The protein that is going to be synthetized derived for beauveria bassiana and it also belongs to the risk group one. Like any micro-organism, B. bassiana has the potential to act as an opportunistic pathogen, but as the literature study demonstrates, Beauveria infections are extremely rare events. Anyway, there is no need to work directly with, B. bassiana because is just an organisms from which the insecticidal part is derived.<br><br>There are also some potential risks for the team members while they are working in the laboratory. The laboratory used is a basic biosafety level one only used for basic teaching and research; it is an open bench work. The only risk in this laboratory is that the team members do not follow the security rules for every laboratory causing an accident. If the project result as it is supposed to do, it must not be a danger for any public if the product is not ingested. If it is ingested, E. Coli will cause diarrhea and a little fever depending the patient.<br><br>About the environmental impact, the bacteria is modificate in order to cause the death of plague insects, that means that the population of the plague will be reduced, affecting in one or another way, a change in the environment. The insecticidal also can affect some species of the same family but not all, it is difficult to predict its impact and danger because of the lack of information about this novel insecticide, but one we discover what other insects are exposed to the insecticide, we will be able to determine the amount that will be affected by it.<br><br>The risk of an accident inside the laboratory depends of the lever of care that the team members have during the practices. The biological parts and organisms represent a risk if they enter in contact with a body. We are working with E. coli strains that are specifically weakened for laboratory use. On the other hand, there are some equipment and chemicals that represent a danger if they are not used correctly. Some chemicals used in laboratory represent a safety risk so all members of the team were told to handle them with extreme care. The same goes for the lab equipment; some cannot be used without a responsible authorization.<br><br>We are you addressing these issues in our project design and lab work by taking precautions and using safety equipment in order to prevent an accident. Every member of the team is aware of the risk that means work in the laboratory. Each one know about the security rules during a laboratory practice because we have had biosafety training before the real practices even started. On it we learned about the correct procedures to carry out any experiment; and also about some security precautions referring the material that we were going to use. When using ethidium bromide (risks include: irritant to eyes, skin, mucus, and respiratory tract) we make sure the designated research zone is properly closed and we use the necessary protection. When observing stained DNA, through the use of UV rays, we use special protection for the eyes. While managing electrical devices and circuits, all members of the team were told to handle them with extreme care. This training was in order to prevent accidents and for the success of the project.</p> | ||
<p align="justify"><b>Environment Safety of the VIP3</b><br>The proteins of Vip3 are original from the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis. Vip proteins have pesticide properties against some plagues from the family of the lepidopteron. This document seeks to make a collection of information and data relevant to the overall assessment of the environmental hazard of the protein Vip3Ca3 when it is produced in genetically modified organisms as E.Coli and the GM corn plant.<br><br>Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil bacterium although is found throughout the environment. The protein pesticides produced by B. thuringiensis show a great variety with regard to the mode of action, the specificity of the objective and the mechanism of expression. Pesticide proteins expressed by the strains of B. thuringiensis include antifungal compounds, δ-exotoxinas,3 and δ-endotoxins, which include the protein Cry and Cyt, that are not structurally related but come from the same bacterium. The Cry proteins are so named because it is stored as parasporals crystals during the formation of the spore, unlike the new protein that was produced by B. thuringiensis during their vegetative phase of growth, in addition to during the stage of sporulation, so that was called vegetative insecticidal protein (Vip). In addition, while the Cry proteins are isolated as crystals, the Vip proteins are secreted by bacteria and can be isolated directly from the culture medium.<br><br>It has been determined that, in reality, there are several variants of Vip which are classified into three classes according to the similarity of the aminoacid sequence: Vip1, Vip2 and Vip3. Of these, the group whose insecticidal properties are more efficient is the Vip3. The members of the Vip3 family characterized to date exhibit activity against lepidopterans, and several of them do not compete with Cry proteins for binding sites. They are classified into two subfamilies (Vip3A and Vip3B), and some are especially toxic for species with little susceptibility to several Cry proteins. All of these features have made Vips a research target for broadening the host-range of B. thuringiensis-based biopesticides and for the management of insect resistance to B. thuringiensis proteins.</p> | <p align="justify"><b>Environment Safety of the VIP3</b><br>The proteins of Vip3 are original from the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis. Vip proteins have pesticide properties against some plagues from the family of the lepidopteron. This document seeks to make a collection of information and data relevant to the overall assessment of the environmental hazard of the protein Vip3Ca3 when it is produced in genetically modified organisms as E.Coli and the GM corn plant.<br><br>Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil bacterium although is found throughout the environment. The protein pesticides produced by B. thuringiensis show a great variety with regard to the mode of action, the specificity of the objective and the mechanism of expression. Pesticide proteins expressed by the strains of B. thuringiensis include antifungal compounds, δ-exotoxinas,3 and δ-endotoxins, which include the protein Cry and Cyt, that are not structurally related but come from the same bacterium. The Cry proteins are so named because it is stored as parasporals crystals during the formation of the spore, unlike the new protein that was produced by B. thuringiensis during their vegetative phase of growth, in addition to during the stage of sporulation, so that was called vegetative insecticidal protein (Vip). In addition, while the Cry proteins are isolated as crystals, the Vip proteins are secreted by bacteria and can be isolated directly from the culture medium.<br><br>It has been determined that, in reality, there are several variants of Vip which are classified into three classes according to the similarity of the aminoacid sequence: Vip1, Vip2 and Vip3. Of these, the group whose insecticidal properties are more efficient is the Vip3. The members of the Vip3 family characterized to date exhibit activity against lepidopterans, and several of them do not compete with Cry proteins for binding sites. They are classified into two subfamilies (Vip3A and Vip3B), and some are especially toxic for species with little susceptibility to several Cry proteins. All of these features have made Vips a research target for broadening the host-range of B. thuringiensis-based biopesticides and for the management of insect resistance to B. thuringiensis proteins.</p> | ||
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Revision as of 00:53, 17 June 2013
Safety
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Project Document
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ESSAY OF SAFETY Environment Safety of the VIP3 Relation between Vip3A and Vip3C Mechanism of the insecticidal activity of Vip3 Probes in non-target organism (NTO) Environmental exposure pathways Conclusion 1.Revisión de la seguridad ambiental de Vip3Aa. Center for Environmental Risk Assessment, ILSI Research Foundation. July 15th, 2012. |
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